PREPOSITION IN, ON, AT

PREPOSITION IN, ON, AT

is there any that are still confused with in, on, at ..?
confused because they do not know how to use it ..?
often confused ..?
for those who can,
if you use it right ..?
sure ..?
if you are not sure..
do not worry, here we will study it together ..
come on guys..
check it out..!!hee




What are place prepositions?

      Place prepositions , are prepositions that are used to describe the place or position of all types of nouns. It is common for the preposition to be placed before the noun. When we refer to Place prepositions we usually refer to "in", "at" and "on".

In - Is usually used to state that someone or something is in a (the boundaries can be physical or virtual place.

On - Is usually used to state someone or something is on top of a surface.

At - Is usually used to state something or someone is at a specific place.

How to use a prepositions?

1. The prepositions usually comes before the noun.

2. Prepositions can be used with all forms of nouns (e.g. collective nouns, pronouns etc).

3. Prepositions can't come after a verb, but can be used before a gerund or verb in noun form.

4. The rules above do not change and there are no exceptions to the rules.

We use :

* at for a PRECISE TIME
* in for MONTHS, YEARS, CENTURIES and LONG PERIODS
* on for DAYS and DATES

     Prepositions of place are used to clarify a specific place. Place prepositions are used with all nouns. The preposition usually comes before the noun or the pronoun. The preposition never comes before a verb.

Common Place Prepositions:

aboard - She is aboard the boat.

above - The picture is above the sofa.

across - My house is across the street.

against - The desk is against the wall.

around - My house is around the block.

at - Is your house at the end of the street.



Time prepositions are used to define time. Prepositions usually come before a noun or pronoun. Prepositions never come after a verb.

* after - I will be there after work.
* around - We will be there around 3 PM
* before - I will be there before I go to school.
* between - I will be there


Use 'in' with spaces:

* in a room / in a building
* in a garden / in a park

Use 'in' with bodies of water:
* in the water
* in the sea
* in a river

Use 'in' with lines:

* in a row / in a line
* in a queue


Use 'at' with places:

* at the bus-stop
* at the door
* at the cinema
* at the end of the street

Use 'at' with places on a page:

* at the top of the page
* at the bottom of the page

Use 'at' in groups of people:
* at the back of the class
* at the front of the class


Use 'on' with surfaces:

* on the ceiling / on the wall / on the floor
* on the table

Use 'on' with small islands:

* I stayed on Maui.

Use 'on' with directions:

* on the left
* on the right
* straight on

IMPORTANT NOTES

In / at / on the corner

We say 'in the corner of a room', but 'at the corner (or 'on the corner') of a street'

In / at / on the front

* We say 'in the front / in the back' of a car
* We say 'at the front / at the back' of buildings / groups of people
* We say 'on the front / on the back' of a piece of paper

By : Agra

Vocabulary Around The House

Vocabulary Around The House

     attic

• basement
• bathroom
• bathtub
• bed
• bedroom
• blanket
• book shelf
• ceiling
• chair
• chest of drawers

• closet
• coffee table
• couch
• cupboard
• desk
• door
• dryer
• entrance
• floor
• furniture
• garden

• hallway
• house
• kitchen
• living room
• microwave
• mirror
• oven
• pillow
• radio
• refrigerator
• rocking chair

• room
• sink
• stove
• table
• television
• toilet
• vacuum cleaner
• wall
• washer
• window

Other Rooms
Attic People : store things in the attic.

Ballroom   :A room in stately homes where rich people dance and concerts are held.

Box Room A small room : used for storage. Cellar Underneath the house.

Cloakroom  : A small room where people put their coats.

Conservatory  : A greenhouse attached to a house for the display of plants.

Dining Room :  A room where people eat.

Drawing Room :  A room in stately homes where rich people entertain.

Games Room : A room in large houses where games are played.

Hall :  The entrance passage to a house.

Larder :  A small room used for the storage of food.

Library :  A room where books are kept.

Lounge  : Another name for living room.

Music Room : A room where people play music.

Office :  A room where people work.

Pantry :  A small room used to store kitchen and dining items.

Parlor : Old fashioned word for living room.

Sitting Room  :Another name for living room.

Spare Room

Guest Room :  A room where guests sleep.

Toilet  : A room where people go to the toilet (often known as WC)

Utility Room :  A room where appliances such as washing machines are used. Things you may                 find around the house

Passive Voice

Passive Voice

      In the passive sentence, the object of an active verb becomes the subject of the passive verb.
Only transitive verbs are used in the passive. Intransitive verbs such as happen, sleep, come and seem cannot be used in the passive.

When rewriting active sentences in passive voice, note the following:
• the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence
• the finite form of the verb is changed (to be + past participle)
• the subject of the active sentence becomes the object of the passive sentence (or is dropped)

Agent
     In a passive clause, we usually use a phrase beginning with by if we want to mention the agent - the person or thing that does the action, or that causes what happens.
If you want to change an active sentence which has two objects into its passive forms, there are two ways:
1. Make its indirect object into the subject of the passive sentence.
2. Make its direct object into the subject of the passive sentence.

Pattern: be + past participle
Example:
- The boy are listening to a story.
The story was being told by grandfather.

- Snow white eats a poisonous apple
A poisonous apple is eaten by snow white

- Snow white is eating a poisonous apple
A poisonous apple is being eaten by snow white

- Snow white has eaten a poisonous apple
A poisonous apple has been eaten by snow white

- Snow white ate a poisonous apple
A poisonous apple was eaten by snow white

- Snow white was eating a poisonous apple
A poisonous apple was being eaten by snow white

- Snow white had eaten a poisonous apple
A poisonous apple had been eaten by snow white

- Snow white will eat a poisonous apple
A poisonous apple will be eaten by snow white

- Snow white is going to eat a poisonous apple
A poisonous apple is going to be eaten by snow white

- Snow white will have eaten a poisonous apple
A poisonous apple will have been eaten by snow white

By : Tia Utami

Asking if Someone Remembers or Not

1.  Formal expressions:

            - I wonder if you remember.....
            - You remember...., don’t you?
            - You haven’t forgotten...., have you?
            - Don’t you remember.....?
            - Do you happen to remember it now?

•   Ways to respond:

          - Let me think, yes, I remember.
          - I remember especially the scenery.
          - I’ll never forget that
          - I’ll always remember.
          - I can remember it clearly.

     2.   Informal expressions:
           - Remember the old house we used to live in?
           - Remember that?
           - I’m sorry I don’t remember

•  Ways to respond:

           - Hold on. Yes, got it!
           - I know.....
           - It’s coming back to me now.

•  Respond if you forget:

           - Sorry, I’ve completely forgotten.
           - I’m afraid I forget.
           - I really can’t remember.
           - I’m afraid I have no memory of him
           - Emmm, let me think. No, it’s gone.
           - Sorry, it slipped off my mind.

Example :
       It was Sunday morning, Tia got dressed and had breakfast quickly. She was ready to leave for school. Her mother was a little puzzled.
Father : Hey...hey.... are you going to school?
Tia        : Yes, Dad. I overslept. I’m in a hurry
Father  : You remember Sunday, don’t you?
Tia         : Oh, my goodness. I thought it’s a school day !

Definition of Offering :
1. The act of making an offer.
2. Something, such as stock, that is offered.
3. A presentation made to a deity as an act of religious worship or sacrifice; an oblation.
4. A contribution or gift, especially one made at a religious service.

Offering to older people:

• Would you like a cup of coffee, Mr. Andreas?
• Should I get you a bottle of water?
• Could I offer you a glass of lemonade, Mrs. Agrani?
• Would you care for some salad ?

Offering to friends:

• Want some?
• Have some.
• Chocolate?
• Glass of lemonade?
• Grab some for yourself.
• Would you like to have a pancake?
• Why don’t you have some lemonade?
• What can I get for you?
• What will you have?

Accepting an offer:

• Thank you
• Yes, please
• I’d like it very much
• Thank you, I would
• That would be very nice

Declining an offer:

• No, thanks.
• No, I really won’t. Thank you.
• Not for me, thanks.
• No, thanks. I’m not hungry.

By Delyana

Simple future is used for describing job or action that will happened in the future. Simple future has two different forms in English: “will” and “be going to”.

Positive (+)
a) S + shall/will + V1
Example:
• I shall write a novel.
• They will play football.
• I will go to the market.

b) S + be + going + to + V1
Example:
• I am going to write a novel.
• They are going to play badminton.
• Deli is give a present to me.

Negative (-)
c) S + shall/will + not +V1 + O
Example:
• I shan’t write a novel.
• She won’t clean the room.
• You will not help him later.
• I will not take a nap soon.

d) S + to be + not + going to + V1 + O
Example:
• I am not going to party.
• He is not going to visit his grandparents next month.
• We are not going to clean the classroom.
Interrogative
e) Will + S + V1 + O
Example:
• Will you arrive on time?
• Will they want dinner?
• Will he swim very fast?

f) To be + S + going to + V1
Example:
• Am I going to visit my aunt?
• Are you buying a shirt?
• Is he going to write a novel?

Use of simple Future
1. Use “will” to express a voluntary action
Examples:
• I will send you the information when I get it.
• I will translate the email, so Mr. Smith can read it.
• Will you help me move this heavy table?

2. Use “will” to express a promise
Examples:
• I will call you when I arrive.
• I promise I will not tell him about the surprise party.
• I won’t tell anyone your secret.


3. Use “be going to” to express a plan
Examples:
• He is going to spend his vacation in Bandung.
• I’m going to be an actress when I grow up.
• She is not going o spend her holiday in Jakarta.

4. Use “will” or “be going to” to express a prediction
Examples:
• The year 2212 will be a very interesting year.
• The year 2212 is going to be a very interesting year.
• Tukul Arwana will be the next president.

NOUN PHRASES
 

noun is a word that names a person, animal, place, thing, idea, or concept, or anything considered as noun
The Noun examples
• Persons: girl, boy, instructor, student, Mr. Smith, Peter, president
• Animals: dog, cat, shark, hamster, fish, bear, flea
• Places: gym, store, school, Lake Minnetonka, Minnesota, village, Europe
• Things: computer, pen, notebook, mailbox, bush, tree, cornflakes
• Ideas: liberty, panic, attention, knowledge, compassion, worship

The Functions of Nouns in Sentences
1.Subject of the sentence
2.Predicate Noun (also Predicate Nominative or Subjective Complement)
3. Appositive (noun in apposition)
4. Direct object of a verb
5. Indirect object of a verb
6. Object of the preposition
7. Object Complement (Objective Complement)

Gerunds can also be classified as noun
For example:
• I like swimming.
The word ‘swimming’ is a gerund

PHRASES
• A phrase is a group of related words that lacks both a subject and a predicate. Because it lacks a subject and a predicate it cannot act as a sentence.
• A noun phrase consists of a pronoun or noun with any associated modifiers, including adjectives, adjective phrases, and other nouns in the possessive case.
• Like a noun, a noun phrase can act as a subject, as the object of a verb or verbal, as a subject or object complement, or as the object of a preposition, as in the following ...
• Small children often insist that they can do it by themselves.

A noun phrase is either a single noun or pronoun or a group of words containing a noun or a pronoun that function together as a noun or pronoun, as the subject or object of a verb.


By Delyana

Finite verb

The finite forms of a verb are the forms where the verb shows tense, person or number. Non-finite verb forms have no person or number, but some types can show tense.

• Finite verb forms include: I go, she goes, he went

• Non-finite verb forms include: to go, going, gone

A finite verb is a verb that is inflected for person and for tense according to the rules and categories of the languages in which it occurs. Finite verbs can form independent clauses, which can stand on their own as complete sentences.
Example of finite verb :
• I study, she cook, Anto went
• Sidy has eaten when Rini come in. By it self, the verb form eaten is called a non-finite verb. When the auxiliary has and the non-finite verb eaten are put together, they make up a finite verb form has eaten.
• Tamara was walking. Walking is non-finite and was is to be. When they are put together, they make up finite form was walking


Definition of non-finite verb :
a verb has no subject, tense, or number. The only finite verb forms are the infinitive (indicated by to), the gerund or the participle (present/past), nonfinite verbs must ordinarily combine with a modal , an auxiliary verb, or the infinitival particle to.


Example of nonfinite verb

Verbs ending in -ing. These are called present participles, they were cooking in Sinta’s house.
This non-finite verb form end in -ed; many also end in en. These are called past participles. I have written my letter ( the past participle written is non-finite and can’t be the main verb).
Talking is the children’s favorite pastime. ( talking is a gerund, verb to be noun)
I can’t afford to go out tonight

The infinitive can have the following forms:

The perfect infinitive
to have + past participle


For example: to have broken, to have seen, to have saved.
This form is most commonly found in Type 3 conditional sentences, using the conditional perfect.

For example:
• If I had known you were coming I would have baked a cake.
• Someone must have broken the window and climbed in.
• I would like to have seen the Taj Mahal when I was in India.
• He pretended to have seen the film.
• If I'd seen the ball I would have caught it. 
By : Istiqomah.

NEWS ITEM
News item is a text which informs readers about events of the day. The events are considered newsworthy or important.
Generic structure of news item :
1. Newsworthy events
2. Backround events
3. Source
The text above is anews item in written form. It’s purpose is to inform the readers about event of the day which are considered newswort or important. The structure of this text type is :
1. Newsworthy event(s) : recont(s) the event(s) in a summary form.
2. Backround events : elaborate what happened, to whom, in what circumstances.
3. Source : comments by participant, in witness to and autorities expert on the event.
Language feature of news item
1. Using action verbs
2. Using saying verbs
3. Using passive sentence

• There are some rules that an help to make newspaper headlines more comprehensible.
• The passive voice is used without the appropriate from of ‘’be’’.
• It is unusual to find complex fprms, generally the simple prent form id used.
• The present progressive tense is used, usually to describe something that is changing or developing, but the auxiliary verb is usually left out.
• To refer to the future, headlines often use the infinitive.
• Headlines are not alwasy complete sentences.
By : Istiqomah

Introductory It

Introductory It

A: To get the best score is hard.
B: It is hard to get the best score.
In this pattern, it has no meaning. It is used only to fill the subject position in the sentence. Thus, it is called introductory it. A and B the same thing, but the sentence B is more common mainly to make the meaning of B easier to understand. Introductory “it” can fill the position both of the subject and object.

When the subject is clause, the sentence usually begins with it. So instead of saying “That he was once a communist is true,” we say,” It is true that he was once a communist.”

Introductory it is also used with seem, appear, and look when the subject is an infinitive phrase, a phrase with a gerund in it or clause.
It looked doubtful whether she would come.
It seemed strange that she should behave like that.
It seems possible that he may quit the job.
It appeared unwise to offend him.

It is sometimes used as the object of the verbs think, feel, deem, count, consider etc.
Don’t you think it dangerous to drive so carelessly?
I consider it a privilege to have this opportunity of welcoming you.

The introductory it is sometimes used in questions.
Who was it that broke the window?
It is Peter who broke the window.
When the subject is an infinitive phrase, the sentence often begins with it. Instead of saying “To find fault with others is easy”, we say “It is easy to find the fault with others.”

When the subject is a phrase that includes a gerund, it is used as a provisional subject to begin the sentence. Instead of saying “Your trying to deceive us is no good,” we may say “It is no good your trying to deceive us.
By : Istiqomah

I have a friend named Nadya Chitayae. She is a big fans of Justin Bieber. She also really like the color purple. Itu contoh kecil tentang Descriptive text.

Definition and purpose of Descriptive Text 

Descriptive text is a text which say what a person or a thing is like. The purpose is to describe and reveal a particular person, place, or thing.

The Generic Structure of Descriptive Text
Descriptive text has structure as below :
Identification : identifying the phenomenon to be described.
Description : describing the phenomenon in parts, qualities, or characteristics.

We get the purpose from the text above that description is used in all forms of writing to create a vivid impression of a person, place, object or event e.g. to: •
• Describe a special place and explain why it is special.
• Describe the most important person in your live.
• Describe the animal’s habit in your report.

The description text has dominant language features as follows:
1. Using Simple Present Tense
2. Using action verbs
3. Using passive voice
4. Using noun phrase
5. Using adverbial phrase
6. Using technical terms
7. Using general and abstract noun
8. Using conjunction of time and cause-effect.




Descriptive text is a text which say what a person or a thing is like. The purpose is to describe and reveal a particular person, place, or thing.
The Generic Structure of Descriptive Text
Descriptive text has structure as below :
Identification : identifying the phenomenon to be described.
Description : describing the phenomenon in parts, qualities, or characteristics.

We get the purpose from the text above that description is used in all forms of writing to create a vivid impression of a person, place, object or event e.g. to: •
• Describe a special place and explain why it is special.
• Describe the most important person in your live.
• Describe the animal’s habit in your report.

The description text has dominant language features as follows:
1. Using Simple Present Tense
2. Using action verbs
3. Using passive voice
4. Using noun phrase
5. Using adverbial phrase
6. Using technical terms
7. Using general and abstract noun
8. Using conjunction of time and cause-effect.

DIRECT & INDIRECT SPEECH

DIRECT & INDIRECT SPEECH

Direct speech : refers to reproducing another persons excact word. We use quotation marks (" ")

Example of Direct Speech :
1. Jani said, “I’m very busy .”
2. They said, “We have bought a picture.”
3. He said, “I am learning my lesson.”
4. Lisa says, “I got the first prize.”
5. You said, “I will come to help him.”
6. Oskar will say, “I will do my best.”


Indirect speech : refers to reproducing the idea of another persons
word.

There are 3 kinds of indirect speech :
1. Imperrative (command/request)
2. interrogative (question)
3. Declarative (statement)


Example :
1. Imperrative (command / request)
Direct : Mrs. Rika said to Dina, "Don't wory about it."
Indirect : Mrs. Rika told Dina not to wory about it.

2. Interrogative (question)
Direct : Risa asked to Nico, "Are you a journalist?"
Indirect : Risa asked if / whether He was journalist.

3. Declarative (statement)
Direct : Mr. Dion said, "I worked hard yesterday."
Indirect : Mr. Dion said that he worked hard the day before.


In comand sentences, direct speech can changed to indirect speech with change "Said" to be "Ordered", "Told", and "Forbade".
Example :
1. Direct : Hamid said, "Open the door!"
Indirect : Hamid ordered to open the door.

2. Direct : Hamid said, "Dul, come here!"
Indirect : Hamid told Dul to come there.

3. Direct : Hamid said to Andi, "Do not disturb me!"
Indirect : Hamid forbade Andi to disturb him.
By : Delyana

Modals in the past form
1. Could + Verb base
• To offer suggestions or possibilities
Example:
Jason : Oh, no! I left my shorts.
Nate : Don’t worry, Jason. You could borrow my shorts.

Mitchie : I’m having trouble with English.
Demi : Why don’t you ask Tess? Perhaps she could help you.
• To indicate that the ability existed in the past but doesn’t exist now.
Example:
Mitchie : Ras, can you climb the coconut tree?
Shane : Well… I could climb coconut tree when I was so young. But I think I’m too heavy to climb it.

Selena : Grandpa, what could you do when you were younger?
Grandpa : When I was younger, I could swim across the big river very well and faster.
• To express polite requests
Example:
* Could I borrow your pencil (please)?
* Could you lend me your jacket now?
* Could you please close the door?
* Could you pass the salt?


2. Would + Verb base

• For an action that was repeated regularly in the past
Example:
* When I was a child, I would visit my grandparents every weekend.
* On Sundays, when I was a child, we would all get up early and go fishing.
• Insert rather into the pattern and use this expression to express preferences
Example:
Troy : What would you rather do in the weekend, go to the party or stay home?
Ryan : I would rather go to the party than stay home.

Gabriella : Which country would you rather visit?
Sharpay : I would rather visit Italia than Somalia.
• To express polite requests
Example:
Nick : Would you mind cycling with me, Selena?
Selena : No, not at all. It would be nice.

Joey : Would you please pass the helmet, Mary?
Mary : No problem.


3. Should + Verb base

• To give definite advice (advisability)
Example:
Mom : Putri, you should study tonight. You will have English test tomorrow, won’t you?
Mitchie : Joe : You should paint your door, Kevin. It looks terrible.
Kevin : Yes, I know I should.
• To express the subject’s obligation or duty:
Example:
* You should practice for more than an hour. (to musical friend)
* They shouldn’t allow parking here; the street is too narrow.
* Application should be sent before March 13th.

4. Might + Verb base

• To tell possibilities
Example:
Nick : Where is Joe?
Kevin : He might be in the studio with Stella.
• To express polite requests
Example:
Demi : Might I borrow your coat?
Miley : I’m afraid not. It has been brought by Hannah for weeks and I don’t know when he’ll return it.
By : Istiqomah

Narrative text is a text which contains about story (fiction/non fiction/tales/folktales/fables/myths/epic) and its plot consists of climax of the story (complication) then followed by the resolution.

A narrative text is a text amuse, entertain and deal with actual or vicarious experience in different ways. Narrative deal with problematic events which lead to a crisis or turning point of some kind, which in turn finds a resolution.

The generic structure of narrative text :

Orientation : It sets the scene and introduces the participants (it answers the questions; Who, What, When and Where)

Complication: A crisis or a problem arises. It usually involves the main characters.

Resolution: Solving problems. The contents of the story, can end up with joy (happy ending) or could also end up with sadness (sad ending).

Reorietiation (optional) : The change which happens to the participants and the lessons we can learn from the story.

The kinds of narrative text :

Myth
A tradisional story which may describe the origins of the world, a place, and / or of people. It is considered a true sacred in he remote past.

Legend
A true story primarily about human heroes in the recent past and may feature some religious reference.

Folktale
A story which is regarded as fiction. It can be a non-sacred fictional story that occurs “once upon the time“ and features human and nonhuman characters.

FolkloreA collection of fictional tales about people and / or animals. It include myth and tales.

Example Narrative text :

 "MALIN KUNDANG"

Orientation :

A long time ago, in a small village near the beach in West Sumatra, a woman and her son lived. They were Malin Kundang and her mother. Her mother was a single parent because Malin Kundang's father had passed away when he was a baby. Malin Kundang had to live hard with his mother.
   Malin Kundang was a healthy, dilligent, and strong boy. He usually went to sea to catch fish. After getting fish he would bring it to his mother, or sold the caught fish in the town.

  Complication :

One day, when Malin Kundang was sailing, he saw a merchant's ship which was being raided by a small band of prates. He helped the merchant. With his brave and power, Malin Kundang defeated the pirates. The merchant was so happy and thanked to him. In return the merchant asked Malin Kundang to sail with him. To get a better life, Malin Kundang agreed. He left his mother alone.
   Many years later, Malin Kundang became wealthy. He had a huge ship and was helped by many ship crews loading trading goods. Perfectly he had a beautiful wife too. When he was sailing his trading journey, his ship landed on a beach near a small village. The villagers recognized him. The news ran fast in the town; “Malin Kundang has become rich and now he is here”.

  An old woman ran to the beach to meet the new rich merchant. She was Malin Kundang’s mother. She wanted to hug him, released her sadness of being lonely after so long time. Unfortunately, when the mother came, Malin Kundang who was in front of his well dressed wife and his ship crews denied meeting that old lonely woman. For three times her mother begged Malin Kundang and for three times he yelled at her.

Resolution :

At last Malin Kundang said to her "Enough, old woman! I have never had a mother like you, a dirty and ugly woman!" After that he ordered his crews to set sail. He would leave the old mother again but in that time she was full of both sadness and angriness.
  Finally, enraged, she cursed Malin Kundang that he would turn into a stone if he didn't apologize. Malin Kundang just laughed and really set sail.

In the quiet sea, suddenly a thunderstorm came. His huge ship was wrecked and it was too late for Malin Kundang to apologize. He was thrown by the wave out of his ship. He fell on a small island. It was really too late for him to avoid his curse. Suddenly, he turned into a stone.

ASKING FOR INFORMATION

ASKING FOR INFORMATION

Asking Information There are a number of formulas used when asking for information in English. Here are some of the most common:

• · Could you tell me…?
• · Do you know…?
• · Do you happen to know…?
• · I’d like to know…
• · Could you find out…?
• · I’m interested in…
• · I’m looking for..

These two forms are used for asking for information on the telephone:

• · I’m calling to find out…
• · I’m calling about…

Here are some sample phrases and sentences for asking information in English
1. What is this? This is a tableThis is a chair.
2. What is that? That is a eraser.
3. What’s this? It’s a pen.
4. What’s that? It’s an apple.
5. What are these? These are pencils.
6. What are those? Those are books.
7. Where is Mr. King? He is over there.
8. Where is Ms. Knight? She’s (right) here.
9. Where’s Johnny? He’s in the house.
10. When’s the movie? It’s at 5:00.
11. When’s lunch? Lunch is at noon.
12. How is the food? It’s delicious.

Information about company

• What does your company do?
• What is your specialty?
• What do you specialize in?
• What is your main line of school?

Information about products

• Could you give me some (more) information on this?
• What can you tell me about this (product)?
• Tell me about this one/model.

Information about Price

• What are you asking for this?
• What does this sell for?
• How much is it?
• How much does it run?

1. Formal Invitation
Formal invitation is usually originate from Institutes, Companies and a kind of it. Normally formal invitation is written invitation.

2. Informal Invitation
Informal invitation is personal invitation given to a friend, family, etc. Informal invitation can be written invitation and verbal invitation.
 

Example of Informal Invitation

How to write an invitation
Step 1
before you write an invitation; decide on the tone, voice and level of formality, based on the event itself. This will dictate whether you hand-write the cards or have them printed, and whether you choose A preprinted or personalized invitation.
Step 2
Choose the type of invite you want, and order or buy a few more than you think you'll need. This will permit you to add some guests to your list at the last minute, if necessary. For small parties, you may want to hand-write the invitations on stationery or blank cards. For large gatherings, consider ordering printed invitations.
Step 3
Determine the wording of your invite based on the level of formality. For example, a formal invitation might say, 'Dr. and Mrs. Stanley request the pleasure of your company,' whereas a more casual note might say, 'Please join us.'
Step 4
Include the names of the host and/or hostess, as well as the place (with street address), time, date and purpose of the occasion, even if it's a simple get-together.
Step 5
Make sure to add RSVP information at the bottom of the invite if you need to know who will be attending; for example, 'RSVP' followed by your telephone number.
R.S.V.P. stands for a French phrase, "répondez, s'il vous plaît," which means "please reply.“The person sending the invitation would like you to tell him or her whether you accept or decline the invitation. That is, will you be coming to the event or not?
Step 6
Include a respond-by date on a formal invitation so you can get an accurate head count in time to adjust the amount of food, number of place settings and room size. For a wedding, charity function or other formal event, consider including a response card and a stamped, self-addressed envelope inside the envelope containing your invite.
Step 7
Mail invitations three weeks before most events, four weeks before a formal affair and three months before a wedding, to allow for airline reservations. For events held during the December holidays, send invitations around Thanksgiving.
Example of invitation:
1. Wedding invitation
2. Birthday invitation
3. Baby shower
4. Dinner invitation
By :Istiqomah

SURPRISES and DISBELIEFS

SURPRISES and DISBELIEFS

Surprise or disbeliefs is : 

1. a feeling that we feel when we heard an amazing news which surprised and amazed us 
2. an expression that we show/say when we know/hear/see something that rather difficult to believe 
3. used to express something that we can’t or impossible. 

Surprise is a brief emotional state experienced as the result of an unexpected significant event. Surprise can have any valence; that is, it can be neutral, pleasant, or unpleasant. If a person experiences a very powerful or long lasting surprise it may be considered shock.


Surprise is expressed in the face by the following features:

1. Eyebrows that are raised so they become curved and high. 
2. Stretched skin below the eyebrows. 
3. Horizontal wrinkles across the forehead. 
4. Open eyelids: the upper lid is raised and the lower lid is drawn down, often exposing the white sclera above and below the iris. 
5. Dropped jaw so that the lips and teeth are parted, with no tension around the mouth. 

To express surprises :

• Wow! What a surprise! 
• That’s a surprise! 
• (Well), that’s very surprising! 
• Really? 
• What? 
• Are you serious? You must be joking! 
• You’re kidding! 
• Fancy that! 
• I must say it surprises me. 
• I find that hard to believe. 

How To Responds Surprises :

• Yeah! 
• It is. 
• Yup! 
• Sure. 
• It’s true. 
• I’m Serious. 
• No. I’m not. 
• Does it? 
• It is, isn’t it? 
• 
  

Examples :
Maya : Whose Nokia is that?
Wija : It’s Yiyi’s
Maya : Are you kidding me?
Wija : No, I’m not.
          I saw her playing that Handphone this morning.
Maya : What a surprise!

• GRATITUDE
Gratitude is expression that used to said thank you to other people.
Kind of grantitude expression are :
Expressing Grantitude Responding
Thank you very much, You’re welcome.
Thank you for your help. No big deal.
I’m very grateful to you. It’s a pleasure.
How can I thanks you? Don’t mention it.
I can’t thank you enough. That’s all right.
I’m very much obliged to you. Any time.
I should like to express my grantitude. It was the least I could do.

• COMPLIMENT
Compliment is expression that used to give praising to other people. Some people use compliment to better up someday or to flatter in order to increase good will.
Expressing :
 What a nice dress.
 You look great.
 You look very nice.
 Fabtastic/Marvalous !
 Good job!/Excellent work
 You’re really the best!
 You look fabulous!

Time to express compliment ;
 On his/her general appearance.
 If you notice something new about the person’s appearance.
 When you visit someone’s house for the frist time.
 When other people do their best.

• CONGRATULATION
Congratulation is expression that used to said congratulate to someone whwn get a success.

Expressing :
• Let me congratulate you
• Congratulation on you successful business.
• My congratulations on your success.
• Congratulations on your promotion.
• Good !
• That’s great !
• How fortunate.

Responding :
• Thanks you.
• Thanks, i needed that.
• That’s very kind of you.
• It’s very kind of you to say that.
• Do you really think so ?
• You’ve my made my day!
• I’m glad you like it.